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Program for Computational Reactive Mechanics (PCRM)

Anthropogenic Emissions from energy activities in India:
Generation and Source Characterization

Contents
Objectives
Background
Energy Activities

Part I: Emissions from Thermal Power Plants using Coal as Fuel
Emissions from Coal Fired Thermal Power Plants
Coal Properties
Emissions from Coal Usage
Thermal Power Plants
Emissions from Coal Fired Thermal Power Plants in India
Appendix
Summary

Part II: Emissions from Vehicular Transport using Petroleum Fuel
Vehicles in India
Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines
Petroleum Fuels used in India
Fuel Stoichiometry
Engines for Vehicular Transport
Exhaust Emissions
Indian Scenario
Emissions Factors and Available Inventory
Appendix

Thermal Power Plants in India

According to Central Electricity authority of India, there were 83 coal fired thermal power plants and 305 hydro plants existing in India on March 31, 1998. Thermal power (coal, diesel and gas) generation during 1997-98 was 338104 and hydropower generation was 74582 GWH. In addition to this, there were 1685 selected industrial units which had captive thermal power plants of >1MW in 1997-98. The total installed capacity of captive plants was 13004 MW and these had gross generation of 44050 GWH (i.e. 13% of the public utilities' generation) during the year 1997-98.

Table 13 provides basic statistics for fuel and power generation at the coal fired power plants in India.

Table 13: Power and coal usage statistics at the thermal power plants in India

Sr.No	Power Station	Installed Capacity (MW/day)	Generation (MW/day)	Coal per unit of electricity (kg/KWH)	Million KWH per day(MU)™
1R	BADARPUR	705	502	0.81	14.87
2R	I.P. STATION	277.5	136	0.86	2.96
3R	RAJGHAT	135	62	0.83	1.93
4R	FARIDABAD	165	131	0.97	2.96
5R	PANIPAT	650	362	0.82	9.74
6R	BHATINDA	440	300	0.73	6.83
7R	LEHRA	420	425	0.73	9.96
8R	ROPAR	1260	840	0.70	22.67
9R	KOTA	850	856	0.75	20.40
10R	SURATGARH#	500	516	0.73	11.85
11P	ANPARA	1630	1630	0.70	37.71
12R	HARDUAGANG	385	135	1.02	3.07
13R	DADRI	840	653	0.65	18.9
14R	OBRA	1442	1014	0.88	21.30
15R	PANKI	274	165	0.9	3.56
16R	PARICHA	220	80	0.88	1.75
17P	RIHAND	1000	960	0.66	24.09
18P	SINGRAULI	2000	1545	0.61	44.06
19R	TANDA	330	195	0.96	4.9
20R	UNCHAHAR	840	826	0.74	19.66
21	KUTCH%	215	166	0.73	3.65
22R	SABARMATI#	330	326	0.73	6.6
23	DHURVARAN	534	348	0.73	8.23
24R	GANDHI NAGAR	870	722	0.60	17.09
25R	SIKKA	240	225	0.67	4.99
26R	UKAI	850	775	0.72	16.74
27R	WANAKBORI	1470	1048	0.67	25.14
28R	BHUSAWAL	478	445	0.79	10.80
29R	CHANDRAPUR	2340	1705	0.79	44.39
30R	DAHANU	500	412	0.62	10.77
31R	KHAPER KHEDA	840	630	0.76	14.84
32R	KORADI	1080	662	0.84	17.03
33R	NASIK	910	810	0.74	17.6
34R	PARAS	58	29	0.82	0.96
35	TROMBAY	1150	658	0.73	15.61
36R	PARLI	690	625	0.80	14.73
37P	AMARKANTAK	290	201	0.72	4.7
38R	SANJAY GANDHI	840	770	0.72	17.19
39P	KORBA II&III	400	315	0.97	7.29
40P	KORBA WEST	840	630	0.68	14.48
41P	KORBA STPS	2100	2153	0.68	50.14
42R	SATPURA	1143	845	0.88	19.22
43P	VINDHYACHAL	2260	2204	0.65	51.13
44R	KOTHAGUDEM	1170	1004	1.08	22.39
45R	RAYALSEEMA	420	432	0.78	10.08
46R	NELLORE	30	23	1.21	0.45
47R	RAMAGUNDAM	63	58	0.73	1.45
48P	RGUNDAM(STPS)	2100	2160	0.63	50.65
49R	VIJAYAWADA	1260	1281	0.73	30.41
50I	ENNORE	450	157	0.94	3.75
51I	METTUR	840	860	0.75	20.33
52	NEYVELLI@	600	550		12.77
53I	NORTH MADRAS	630	646	0.76	15.2
54I	TUTICORIN	1050	1070	0.74	25.13
55R	RAICHUR	1260	850	0.76	21.2
56R	BARAUNI	310	40	1.06	1.25
57R	MUZAFFARPUR	220	65	1.09	1.5
58R	PATRATU	770	274	0.96	5.23
59R	TENUGHAT	420	200	0.87	4.8
60P	KAHALGAON	840	745	0.84	17.7
61R	BOKARO A&B	805	260	0.80	5.70
62R	CHANDRAPURA	750	100	0.79	3.39
63R	MEJIA	630	475	0.70	9.9
64R	DURGAPUR-DVC	350	300	0.62	7.2
65R	BANDEL	530	150	0.59	4.87
66R	CALCUTTA	190	141	0.89	3.07
67	New Cossipore	130	50.6		2.11
68R	S.GEN STATION	135	136	0.62	3.26
69R	DURGAPUR -DPL	390	93	0.74	4.39
70R	KOLAGHAT	1260	1210	0.73	29.0
71	BAKRESHWAR*	630	383	0.77	9.2
72R	SANTALDIH	480	150	0.60	3.6
73R	TITAGARH	240	240	0.64	5.76
74R	BUDGEBUDGE*	500	500	0.77	12
75P	FARAKKA	1600	1470	0.83	34.95
76P	TALCHER-NTPC	460	390	1.01	9.4
77P	TALCHER-STPS	1000	490	0.75	11.60
78	IB VALLEY TPS	420	406	0.91	9.70
79R	BONGAIGAON	240	0	0.66	0.8
80	Chandrapur(Assam)	60	7.82	0.66	0.33
81	Namrup	30	5.13	0.66	0.21
TOTAL	ALL INDIA	53216		0.73

* Kg/KWH are the average for the Eastern region
# Kg/KWH are the average for the western region
@ Lignite is used as the fuel
™ Based on monthly average
R Rail feed plant
P Pit-head plant
I Inter modal
Note: Amarkantak and Amarkantak Extension are merged together. Similarly Korba II and III are merged together.

Coal consumption by various plants in the country during the year 1997-98 was 202.75 million metric tones. The specific coal consumption in 1997-98 is 0.73 Kg/KWH. Average heat input for all the power plants was 2801 Kcal/KWH in 1997-98. Some power plants are more efficient than others. The efficiency depends on the combustion technology, operating conditions, and the coal properties. Out of 81 coal fired thermal power plants, 13 power plants, having aggregate installed capacity of 7594 MW, produced 43387 GWH. This represents 11% of total steam generation and an overall thermal efficiency of less than 25%. 42 power plants with an aggregate installed capacity of 27080 MW had an overall thermal efficiency between 25% to 30% and generated 183558 GWH, which is 46% of total steam generation. 26 power plants with aggregate capacity of 24850 MW had an overall thermal efficiency above 30% and produced 171349 GWH representing 43% of total steam generation.

Program for Computational Reactive Mechanics (PCRM)

Anthropogenic Emissions from energy activities in India: Generation and Source Characterization

Anthropogenic Emissions from energy activities in India:
Generation and Source Characterization